Import and export quota management system

Import and export quota management refers to a state management system that sets a specific quantitative limit on the import and export of certain goods, allowing such trade only within that limit.

(I) Export Quota Management

1. Forms of Export Quota Management

China's export quota management can be divided into passive quota management and active quota management.

(1) Passive quota management refers to a situation where an importing country imposes a quantitative limit on the import of a certain commodity and, through government-level bilateral or multilateral trade agreement negotiations, requires the exporting country to control its export volume. The exporting country then implements quantitative restrictions on such exports, which is called passive quota management. Exports under passive quota management are mainly textiles. The restricting countries include the United States, Canada, EU member states, and Turkey. According to the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, as of January 1, 2005, all passive quotas on textiles were eliminated, achieving global integration of textile trade.

(2) Active quota management refers to a type of export quota management implemented by the state for certain important export commodities to ensure exports align with the requirements of the national economic plan. Export quotas can be allocated through direct distribution or through methods such as tendering.

(II) Import Tariff Quota Management

Import tariff quota management means that no absolute limit is placed on the total volume of imported goods, but goods imported within a specified quota over a certain period are granted low tax, tax reduction, or tax exemption treatment, while goods imported outside the quota are subject to additional taxes or penalties.