Domestic Container Shipping - Cargo Pallets
In domestic container shipping, using pallets for loading and unloading operations, like using forklifts, is an essential part of mechanizing container cargo handling. For single pieces of cargo weighing over 100kg, manual handling is very difficult, requiring pallets and forklifts. For small, light items, handling them one by one manually is also troublesome due to the large quantity. To improve loading efficiency, consolidating numerous small, light items onto a pallet for batch loading and unloading with a forklift greatly reduces labor consumption. Therefore, in container shipping, pallets are widely used in conjunction with forklifts for handling.
1. Types of Pallets
Pallets are categorized based on their structure, material properties, and dimensions as follows.
1. By Structure For example, the Japanese Industrial Standard specifies that ordinary wooden pallets are classified by structure into winged and wingless, single-faced and double-faced, and pallets with two-way and four-way fork entry.
2. By Material The most widely used pallet material is wood, followed by metal pallets (e.g., iron pallets, aluminum pallets), plastic pallets, and pallets made from corrugated paper, paper, or fiberboard, which are developed for use as disposable pallets.
3. By Size There are numerous pallet sizes in use. According to a survey by the Japan Packaging Association, there are over 1,000 types. Commonly used rectangular pallets have a long side of 900-1300mm and a short side of 800-1200mm. Square pallets with sides of 900-1100mm are also used, but square pallets are still in the minority in practice.
F—Wingless, single-faced, two-way; S—Wingsss, single-faced reinforced bottom, two-way; D—Wingless, double-faced, two-way; FU—Winged, single-faced, two-way;
SU—Winged, single-faced reinforced bottom, two-way; DW—Winged, double-faced, two-way; FC—Wingless, single-faced, four-way; SC—Wingless, single-faced reinforced bottom, four-way.
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