1. Demurrage vs. Detention
Charge Type | Definition | Cause | Billing Method |
Demurrage | Excess yard storage charge | Laden container remains at terminal/yard beyond the free storage period | Charged per day |
Detention | Excess container usage charge | Empty container remains in the customer's possession beyond the free usage period | Charged per day |
2. Reference Free Container Usage Period by Shipping Line
Shipping Line | Export Free Time | Import Free Time | Reference Excess Rate |
Maersk | 7 days | 7 days | $50–150 / container / day |
MSC | 7 days | 7 days | $50–120 / container / day |
COSCO | 7–10 days | 7 days | $40–100 / container / day |
CMA CGM | 7 days | 7 days | $50–150 / container / day |
Evergreen | 7 days | 5–7 days | $50–120 / container / day |
3. How to Avoid Excess Charges
Recommendation | Description |
Arrange trucking immediately upon receiving S/O | Free container usage period starts from empty pick-up |
Complete customs declaration 3 days before cut-off | Avoid delays in returning the container due to inspection |
Prepare all documents before import arrival | Exchange bill and declare customs immediately upon arrival |
Book pick-up time slots in advance | Truck shortages during peak season; failure to book may lead to excess time |
If an extension is truly needed | Apply to the shipping line in advance for extended Free Time (typically 3–5 days granted) |
📖 Further Reading: International Shipping Operations Manual, Part 13: Common Surcharges Explained—A comprehensive guide to container usage fees and other surchargesData Note: Free container usage periods and excess charge rates are general reference values for each shipping line; specific terms are subject to the booking contract. Data current as of July 2026.
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