How to define heavy cargo and bulky cargo

Bulky cargo, also commonly referred to as light cargo, is cargo that is considered light in nature. If the volume divided by 0.006 is greater than the weight, it is defined as bulky cargo.

A: Actual weight

B: Volumetric weight = Length * Width * Height / 6000 cm

If A > B, it is not considered bulky cargo; otherwise, it is defined as bulky cargo.

(1) From the perspective of ship stowage planning, cargo with a stowage factor less than the ship's cargo capacity coefficient is called heavy cargo (heavy goods). Cargo with a stowage factor greater than the ship's cargo capacity coefficient is designated as light bulky cargo, also known as light goods (measurement cargo or light goods).

(2) From the perspective of calculating freight charges and following international shipping industry practices, cargo with a stowage factor less than 1.1328 cubic meters per ton or 40 cubic feet per ton is called heavy cargo. Cargo with a stowage factor greater than 1.1328 cubic meters per ton or 40 cubic feet per ton is called light bulky cargo. Distinguishing between heavy and light cargo is critically important for stowage, transportation, storage, and rate calculation. Therefore, transport authorities define these categories based on specific standards. Standard practice in China stipulates: cargo weighing more than 1 ton per cubic meter is considered heavy cargo; cargo weighing less than 1 ton per cubic meter is considered light bulky cargo.

"Heavy cargo" and "bulky cargo" are distinguished based on the comparison of weight and volume. If the cargo is heavy but small in volume, like steel, it qualifies as heavy cargo. Conversely, if the volume is large but the cargo is relatively light, such as cotton, it is classified as bulky cargo. A common rough benchmark is that 1 cubic meter of cargo exceeding 166 kg is considered heavy cargo. Bulky or volumetric cargo has a calculated volumetric weight greater than its actual weight. Examples include wooden chairs, plastic goods, cotton, and sponges. The term "volumetric weight" is standard in transportation billing where the volume is converted to weight using a company formula.

Volumetric weight = (Length cm * Width cm * Height cm) / 6000

When the converted weight of the cargo volume exceeds the actual weight, the volumetric weight is used for billing.

When the calculated volumetric weight of the cargo is less than its actual weight, billing is based on the actual weight.

How are heavy cargo and bulky cargo distinguished in air and sea freight?

In air freight, if the cargo’s volume in cubic meters divided by 0.006 yields a number greater than its weight, it is considered bulky cargo; if less, it is heavy cargo.

For example in air freight:

If one cubic meter of your cargo has a calculated weighing equivalent of 166.67 kg, and its actual weight is lighter, it occupies the category of volumetric goods. If heavier, likely it defined for heavy goods pricing. Heavy freight does not follow one sole exact benchmark unless its surprisingly heavy yield minor storage - then cheap rates may have eligibility dependent on being classed as heavy using such a scenario technique (e.g. very high weight per dimension).

Air freight: heavy cargo surpasses 1 kg for each 6000 cubic centimeters; light goods do not surpass weight equal to 1 kg per that same volume measure as heavy ones.

Air freight defines heavy Load single piece exceeding 150 kilograms.

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